C&P Exam Guide
Back/Spine C&P Exam
The examiner will perform range of motion testing with a goniometer, assess pain levels, check for neurological symptoms, and evaluate functional impact.
DBQ: Back (Thoracolumbar Spine) Conditions DBQ
Exam type: In-person (required for ROM testing)
Typical duration: 30-45 minutes
What the Examiner Looks For
Range of motion measurements (flexion, extension, lateral bending, rotation), pain on motion, muscle spasm, guarding, neurological symptoms, functional limitations, and flare-ups.
General Tips for Every C&P Exam
📝Be honest — do not exaggerate or minimize.
📝Describe your WORST days, not your best.
📝Focus on how the condition impacts your daily life and ability to work.
📝Keep a symptom journal or diary before your exam.
📝Review the DBQ for your condition beforehand.
📝Arrive early and bring all relevant records.
📝You can bring a support person (spouse, friend).
📝The exam is for evaluation, not treatment — do not expect prescriptions.
📝The examiner is not your doctor — they report findings to the VA.
📝If you disagree with the exam results, you can request a new exam.
✅ DO
⚠️ Critical tip
STOP at the point of pain during range of motion testing — do NOT push through pain. The examiner measures where pain begins, not your maximum range.
⚠️ Critical tip
Describe your flare-ups in detail — frequency, duration, triggers, and how they limit you beyond your baseline
Mention any radiating pain down your legs (radiculopathy)
Describe how back pain affects daily activities: sitting, standing, driving, sleeping
Mention any assistive devices (brace, cane, TENS unit)
Report incapacitating episodes where you were prescribed bed rest
❌ DON'T
⚠️ Critical tip
Don't push through pain to show toughness — this will result in better ROM measurements and a LOWER rating
Don't go on a 'good day' if possible — the exam should reflect your typical condition
Don't forget to mention flare-ups — the examiner MUST document these
📋 BRING
MRI/X-ray results
Records of physical therapy
List of medications (especially pain meds and muscle relaxers)
Documentation of any bed rest prescribed by a doctor
🔍 EXPECT
Goniometer range of motion testing
Repetitive motion testing (bending 3+ times)
Neurological tests (reflexes, sensation, strength in legs)
Questions about flare-ups and their impact
This information is for educational purposes only. It is not legal or medical advice. Every veteran's situation is unique. Consider consulting with a Veterans Service Organization (VSO) or VA-accredited attorney for personalized guidance.