Higher-Level Review (HLR) Guide

Think the VA Got It Wrong? A Senior Reviewer Can Fix It.

⚖️ A Higher-Level Review has a more experienced VA adjudicator re-examine your claim — no new evidence allowed, but errors can be corrected.
Section 1

📋 What Is a Higher-Level Review?

A Higher-Level Review (HLR) is filed using VA Form 20-0996. A senior claims adjudicator reviews the same evidence that was already in your file — looking for errors the original rater made.

✅ Best For

  • The VA misapplied the rating criteria
  • The VA ignored evidence in your file
  • There was a Duty to Assist error (missed records, no exam)
  • The VA used the wrong diagnostic code
  • Clear and unmistakable error (CUE)

❌ Not Allowed

  • You cannot submit new evidence
  • No new medical opinions or nexus letters
  • No buddy statements or updated records
  • If you need new evidence, use a Supplemental Claim
Section 2

☎️ The Informal Conference

You can request an informal conference — a phone call with the senior reviewer where you (or your representative) can point out specific errors in the original decision.

📞 10-minute phone call with the senior reviewer
🗣️ You or your representative can participate (not both)
📋 Highlight specific errors — don't tell your whole story
⚠️ Not testimony — you're pointing out what was missed
✅ Highly recommended — increases success rate
📝 Prepare talking points before the call
Pro Tip: Write down 2-3 specific errors before the call. Example: "The rater ignored my service treatment records from June 2015 showing chronic knee pain." Be concise and factual.
Section 3

🔍 Duty to Assist Errors

If the HLR reviewer finds the VA violated its Duty to Assist, they will return your claim for correction — often resulting in a new C&P exam or record retrieval.

Common DTA Errors

  • VA failed to obtain service treatment records
  • VA failed to provide a C&P exam
  • C&P exam was inadequate (no rationale, wrong DBQ)
  • VA ignored relevant VA medical center records
  • Examiner didn't review the claims file

What Happens Next

  • Claim returned to original regional office
  • VA corrects the error (new exam, get records)
  • New decision issued — may grant or deny
  • Your effective date is preserved
Section 4

⏱️ Timeline & Processing

📅 Average processing: ~125 days
⏰ Must file within 1 year of the decision
🔄 If DTA error found, adds additional time for correction
Section 5

📝 How to File an HLR

1
Review your decision letter. Identify the specific error — wrong rating, ignored evidence, missing exam, etc.
2
Complete VA Form 20-0996 — Decision Review Request: Higher-Level Review. Available at VA.gov.
3
Request an informal conference on the form — check the box and provide your phone number.
4
Submit within 1 year of your decision to preserve your effective date.
5
Prepare for the call. Write down 2-3 specific errors to discuss during the informal conference.

See the full Appeals Guide for help deciding which review lane is right for you.

Section 6

❓ Frequently Asked Questions

A: No. The senior reviewer only looks at evidence already in your file. If you have new evidence, file a Supplemental Claim instead.

A: Technically yes, but it's rare. The HLR reviewer can increase, decrease, or maintain your rating. However, rating protections still apply. See our Rating Protections Guide.

A: Generally yes. The informal conference gives you a chance to point out errors directly to the reviewer. Most VSOs and attorneys recommend requesting one.

A: You can file a Supplemental Claim with new evidence, appeal to the Board of Veterans Appeals, or file another HLR if you identify a different error. You can switch lanes at any time.

A: Yes. HLR applies to any VA decision you disagree with — initial claims, rating increases, TDIU denials, effective date disputes, and more.